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This article discusses several issues concerning STEM in the context of teacher education.
Abstract
Purpose
This article discusses several issues concerning STEM in the context of teacher education.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a review of the literature of the past two decades, this article approached the topic of addressing STEM in the context of teacher education through six issues.
Findings
1. Integration is key. 2. Disciplinary knowledge needs emphasizing. 3. Equitability of discipline representations is a nonfactor. 4. Still, mathematics deserves a heavier dose. 5. Collaboration is a desired component. 6. Inequality issues deserve more attention.
Originality/value
This article is original. It informs researchers, practitioners and policymakers of what issues to focus on concerning STEM in the context of teacher education.
Details
Keywords
Mohamed S. Gadala and Fuchang Xu
To develop an effective and reliable procedure for the calculation of heat fluxes from the measured temperatures in experimental tests of impingement water cooling.
Abstract
Purpose
To develop an effective and reliable procedure for the calculation of heat fluxes from the measured temperatures in experimental tests of impingement water cooling.
Design/methodology/approach
An inverse heat transfer analysis procedure is developed and implemented into a 2D finite element program. In this method, the least‐squares technique, sequential function specification and regularization are used. Simplifications in the sensitivity matrix calculation and iterative procedures are introduced. The triangular and impulse‐like profiles of heat fluxes simulating practical conditions of impingement water cooling are used to investigate the accuracy and stability of the proposed inverse procedure. The developed program is then used to determine the heat flux during impingement water cooling.
Findings
A hybrid procedure is developed in which inverse calculations are conducted with a computation window. This procedure may be used as a whole time domain method or become a periodically sequential or real sequential method by adjusting the sequential steps.
Originality/value
Parametric study and application show that the developed method is effective and reliable and that inverse analysis may obtain the heat flux with an acceptable level of accuracy.
Details